Physical and Psychological Rehabilitation
Primary prevention is based on protection against the factors and habits which nurture and stimulate drug promoting social, economic and cultural life of the weakest in society. Of great importance is the family partnership and make a popular education about the dangers and harms of alcohol and drugs and proper legislation.
Other measures are restrictive and punitive legislation and monitoring to prevent illicit or illegal. However, there are those who bet on a selective legalization of certain drugs, providing a number of arguments as a means to eradicate the problems of drug addiction.
Action plans may have preventive or deterrent motivating nature. Act as a deterrent to fear the effects that health drug (information) and the fear of punishment that is derived from its consumption (repression). Motivational elements on the other hand tend to modify the social environment and improve staff capacity, through adequate information to determine the drug and its effects, a proper training to enhance individual and group approach to the drug spiral – violence and occupational prevention inducing sports, professional, recreational or cultural ways of filling leisure. Training is necessary scientific, social and psychological health professionals in the field of drug abuse, as only way they can properly serve the people who come seeking his help.
Prevention in schools is essential, since along with the family represents a basic institution in the formation-deformation of the most vulnerable (children and youth). The learning phenomenon operates in a manner important in the early stages of becoming bio-psycho-social people. The group acts on the individual giving patterns, which he later adapted to internalize their own psychic contents. In our culture, the teen ends up developing a concept of health which could be summarized as: health is a matter of greater and they drink and smoke. It is therefore obvious that addiction habits of parents and educators act negatively on the development of the child’s personality.
Secondary prevention should be based on early diagnosis and treatment through community campaigns and risk groups. The establishment of specialized services in hospitals can be of invaluable help because they could treat the disease completely. This type of secondary prevention main mission would socially rehabilitate the addict.
You have to make to the society the concept that the addict is sick, so it is very difficult, since in the same compulsive drug seeking, most adopt a criminal or aggressive behavior. We must promote rehabilitation programs to restructure the personality of the patient in their usual environment.
Early treatment is essential because the sooner you act the easier the physical and psychological rehabilitation and reintegration into society. Phase of overt disease, detention is almost mandatory, as is required strict medical supervision. The goal is the gradual cessation, in many cases substitution treatment such as methadone. There are specialized institutions that seek social rehabilitation.
From the point of view of treatment and psychosocial rehabilitation, it is only effective if there are a number of conditions:
Multidisciplinary care team with appropriate training in community psychiatry and addiction.
The institution must have adequate space and sociotherapeutic. A rehabilitation program that includes the period of detoxification, psychosocial rehabilitation and psychosocial rehabilitation.
The goal of any treatment program must pursue three main aspects:
* Raise awareness of injury
* Raise awareness of disease
* Implement a motivation antitoxicomanígena.
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